Textual Exercise
1. Comment on the physical features and prowess of the hawk. Discuss their significance. (6 marks)
The hawk in the poem is shown as a very strong and deadly bird. It has a hooked head and hooked feet, which means it has sharp claws and beak made for killing. Its feet are locked tightly to the tree bark, showing grip and power. Every part of its body — its feet, feathers, and eyes — is described as perfectly made.
The hawk is proud of its physical strength. It believes that everything in nature was created to support it. Even in sleep, it dreams of perfect kills. The hawk also says it can fly anywhere and kill wherever it wants.
Significance:
These physical features show that the hawk is designed to rule and dominate. The poem uses the hawk’s body to symbolize control, pride, and violence. The hawk’s power represents ruthless leadership and authority in nature or society.
2. Discuss the significance of the title of the poem. (2 marks)
The title “Hawk Roosting” means a hawk resting or sitting on a high place. It shows that the hawk is not flying or hunting right now, but it is still thinking, planning, and imagining its power. Even while resting, the hawk believes everything belongs to it.
Significance:
The title is important because it shows that the poem is not about action, but about the hawk’s thoughts — which are full of pride, power, and control. It highlights the hawk’s confidence even in silence.
3. What does the poet mean by “Now I hold Creation in my foot”? (2 marks)
This line means that the hawk feels like it controls the whole world (Creation). It believes that the entire world was made to create its perfect body, and now it has the power to control or destroy everything.
Explanation:
“Creation” here means the natural world. The hawk feels so powerful and proud that it says it holds all of creation in its claws. This shows how much power and pride the hawk has.
20 Six-Mark Questions – Hawk Roosting by Ted Hughes
Describe the hawk’s attitude toward power. How does the poet show this in the poem?
How does the hawk see nature and the world around it? Give examples from the poem.
What is the hawk’s opinion of itself? How does this reflect in its words and tone?
Explain the line “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” What does this tell us about the hawk?
Describe how the poet uses the hawk’s physical body to show strength and control.
How does Ted Hughes use language to show the hawk’s pride and ego? Support your answer with lines from the poem.
What is the role of nature (trees, air, sun, earth) in the poem? How does the hawk use nature for its benefit?
Discuss the meaning and effect of the line “Now I hold Creation in my foot.”
The hawk says there is “no sophistry” in its body. What does this mean? What does it say about the hawk’s behavior?
How does the hawk’s speech in the poem show its view on life and death? Explain with examples.
What is the importance of the final lines of the poem: “Nothing has changed… I am going to keep things like this”?
Compare the hawk’s stillness with its deadly nature. How does this contrast add to the poem’s meaning?
How does the hawk describe its ability to kill? What does this say about its nature?
Explain how the poet creates a voice that sounds like the hawk is speaking. How does this make the poem powerful?
The hawk sees itself as perfect. How is this shown in the poem, and what message does it give?
What kind of leadership does the hawk represent? Do you think it reflects human power too? Why or why not?
How does Ted Hughes make the hawk both a real bird and a symbol of something more?
Describe how the structure of the poem (short stanzas, strong lines) adds to the feeling of control.
How does the poem show the idea of survival in the natural world? Give evidence.
What emotions do you feel when reading this poem? How does the poet create these emotions?
Answers of 20 Six-Mark Questions
1. Describe the hawk’s attitude toward power. How does the poet show this in the poem?
The hawk in the poem sees itself as the most powerful creature in the world. It believes that everything — the trees, the air, the sun, and even the earth — was made for its use. The hawk speaks as if it is the ruler or king of nature. It says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine,” which clearly shows its belief in complete control and authority.
Ted Hughes shows this attitude through the hawk’s confident and proud voice. The poem is written from the hawk’s point of view, so we hear the hawk’s thoughts directly. This makes the reader feel the hawk’s strong belief in its own power. The hawk does not doubt itself for a single moment. It even says that it has allowed no change since it began, showing that it wants to keep the world under its rule.
The hawk does not follow any rules made by others. It says it doesn’t need to argue or prove its right to kill — it just does it. This shows that the hawk does not care about justice or kindness. It only believes in its own strength.
Through strong and bold words, the poet presents the hawk as a symbol of power that is both natural and dangerous. The hawk’s pride and control are shown in every stanza. It is not just a bird — it represents any ruler or leader who wants total power and does not want change.
2. How does the hawk see nature and the world around it? Give examples from the poem.
In the poem, the hawk sees nature as something that exists only to serve and benefit it. It believes that trees, air, sun, and even the earth were made for its use. For example, the hawk says, “The convenience of the high trees!” This shows that it thinks the tall trees were made just to give it a place to sit and rule from above.
The hawk also says, “The air’s buoyancy and the sun’s ray are of advantage to me.” This means the air helps it fly, and the sunlight gives it strength. The earth is described as having its face turned upwards, as if it wants the hawk to look at it. This shows that the hawk thinks everything in nature is below it — meant for its inspection.
The hawk even claims that all of creation — the whole natural world — was made just to produce its body. It says, “It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather.” This shows extreme pride. The hawk feels that the natural world has no meaning except to support its power.
The poet uses these lines to show how the hawk believes it is the center of the universe. Nature, in the hawk’s eyes, is not beautiful or spiritual — it is only useful. This is a dangerous and selfish way of thinking.
Through the hawk’s voice, Ted Hughes shows how some people or rulers may also feel the same way about the world — that it exists to serve them. So, the hawk’s view of nature reflects not just the bird’s thinking, but also human ego and control.
3. What is the hawk’s opinion of itself? How does this reflect in its words and tone?
The hawk has a very high opinion of itself. It believes that it is perfect, powerful, and important. It thinks that it is the best creation in the world. This pride and confidence can be seen clearly in the hawk’s words and tone throughout the poem.
For example, the hawk says, “Now I hold Creation in my foot.” This means that the hawk believes it controls the entire world. It also says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine,” showing that it feels the world belongs to it. These lines reflect the hawk’s belief that it is the ruler of all living things.
The tone of the poem is very proud, serious, and powerful. The hawk never says anything in a doubtful or humble way. Every sentence is strong and direct. The hawk talks about killing and tearing off heads as if it is a normal and proud thing. This shows that it has no guilt or shame.
Even in rest, the hawk thinks about killing. It says it rehearses perfect kills in sleep. This shows that killing is a part of its nature, and it is proud of being so perfect at it.
The poet uses the hawk’s tone to make readers understand how proud and arrogant the hawk is. This can also represent how some humans think — that they are better than others and have the right to control everything. The hawk is a symbol of such thinking.
So, the hawk’s opinion of itself is extremely proud. It sees itself as a perfect, deadly ruler of the world — and this is reflected clearly in its voice, tone, and words.
4. Explain the line “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” What does this tell us about the hawk?
This line shows the hawk’s total belief in its own power and control. The hawk says that it can kill anywhere and anytime it wants, and no one can stop it. It feels that everything in the world belongs to it, so it has the right to do whatever it wants — including killing.
The line is very direct and shows no fear, no guilt, and no hesitation. It reflects the hawk’s violent and proud nature. The hawk sees itself as a king who does not need permission or reason to kill. It believes that the world is made only for its use.
Ted Hughes uses this line to show how dangerous absolute power can be. The hawk’s thinking is not just about survival. It kills not out of need, but because it enjoys control. This is similar to how dictators or cruel rulers sometimes behave. They believe that people and places belong to them, so they can hurt or control others without reason.
This line is also important because it helps readers understand that the hawk is not just a bird, but a symbol. It represents the human desire for control, the danger of too much power, and the lack of compassion in those who rule without limits.
So, the line “I kill where I please because it is all mine” tells us that the hawk is extremely powerful, proud, and selfish. It does not care about others — only its own will matters.
5. Describe how the poet uses the hawk’s physical body to show strength and control.
Ted Hughes describes the hawk’s body in a way that makes it look powerful, dangerous, and perfect. He uses the hawk’s body parts — like its hooked beak, hooked feet, sharp eyes, and strong feathers — to show that it is made for killing and controlling.
In the poem, the hawk says, “My feet are locked upon the rough bark.” This shows its strong grip and balance. It can sit quietly but still stay in full control. Its “hooked head and hooked feet” show that it has natural weapons — sharp and curved — which help it grab and kill.
The poet also writes, “It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather.” This shows how the hawk believes that its body is perfectly made, and every part is special and important. It believes that its body is the best in all of nature.
The hawk also says it can fly and look down slowly, watching everything. This shows control from above, like a ruler watching people. It can kill whenever it wants, and its body is ready for it.
The poet shows the hawk’s body as a tool of power. It is not soft or friendly — it is deadly and perfect for ruling. This makes the hawk a symbol of authority and pride. The hawk’s physical features are not just about survival — they represent a deeper idea of power that does not care about others.
So, Ted Hughes uses the hawk’s body to show that true power comes from nature — but when mixed with pride, it can become dangerous.
6. How does Ted Hughes use language to show the hawk’s pride and ego? Support your answer with lines from the poem.
Ted Hughes uses strong, confident, and commanding words to show that the hawk is full of pride and ego. The hawk speaks as if it is a ruler or a god, showing no fear or doubt. Every line in the poem reflects the hawk’s belief that it is perfect and powerful.
For example, the hawk says, “Now I hold Creation in my foot.” This shows that it believes the whole world is under its control. It also says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” This is a very bold statement. It does not say “I kill to survive,” but “I kill where I please,” which shows extreme confidence.
The hawk also says, “Nothing has changed since I began.” This shows that it thinks it has kept the world the same by its own power. It even says, “My eye has permitted no change,” meaning that its vision and control are so powerful, nothing can move without its permission.
Ted Hughes writes in first-person voice, using “I” throughout the poem. This makes the hawk sound like a proud speaker giving a speech. The language is simple but full of meaning — short lines with strong, direct words.
There are no soft or emotional words. Everything the hawk says shows strength, control, and pride. Hughes uses these words to show that the hawk is not just a bird, but a symbol of human ego, dictatorship, and pride.
So, through powerful and proud language, Ted Hughes shows the hawk as a proud creature who believes the world was made just for it.
7. What is the role of nature (trees, air, sun, earth) in the poem? How does the hawk use nature for its benefit?
In the poem, nature plays a very important role, but it is seen only through the eyes of the hawk. The hawk believes that nature was created to support it, and it uses all parts of nature — the trees, air, sunlight, and earth — for its own comfort and power.
The hawk says, “The convenience of the high trees!” This means the hawk thinks tall trees are there to give it a place to sit and watch over everything. It also says, “The air’s buoyancy and the sun’s ray are of advantage to me.” The hawk uses the air to fly and the sunlight to gain strength. It sees all of this as useful tools, not as beautiful parts of the world.
Even the earth is not respected — the hawk says, “The earth’s face upward for my inspection.” This means the earth is like a thing the hawk looks down on and checks, like a king inspecting his land.
Ted Hughes uses this view of nature to show how the hawk is selfish and proud. The hawk does not care about the beauty or balance of nature. It only sees nature as something to control and something made for its benefit.
This can also be seen as a symbol for human behavior. Many people also use nature without caring for it. The hawk is a symbol of selfish power, and its view of nature shows that.
So, the hawk uses nature only for its own comfort, control, and pride, and Hughes uses this to show how power can make someone blind to the real value of the world.
8. Discuss the meaning and effect of the line “Now I hold Creation in my foot.”
This is one of the most important lines in the poem. The hawk says, “Now I hold Creation in my foot.” The meaning of this line is that the hawk believes it is so powerful that it controls the whole world, or “Creation,” with its claws (feet).
This line shows the hawk’s great pride and belief in its strength. The hawk says that all of nature was created just to make its body — its feet, its feathers, and its powers. Now that it is fully made, it feels it can hold or control the world.
The word “Creation” means everything in the world — the trees, the animals, the air, and even time and life. The hawk saying it holds Creation in its foot means it feels like it is more important than all of that. It doesn’t just live in the world — it rules the world.
This line has a powerful effect. It helps the reader understand how huge and dangerous the hawk’s ego is. The hawk does not see itself as just a bird — it sees itself as the center of the universe. This is not normal pride; this is the kind of thinking that is close to dictatorship or god-like belief.
Ted Hughes uses this line to show that the hawk is a symbol of someone who thinks they have total power — no need to listen to others, no need to care. The line is short but filled with deep meaning about power, control, and ego.
So, this line shows how the hawk sees itself as a ruler of all things, holding the entire world in its deadly feet.
9. The hawk says there is “no sophistry” in its body. What does this mean? What does it say about the hawk’s behavior?
The word “sophistry” means clever tricks, lies, or using smart words to fool people. When the hawk says, “There is no sophistry in my body,” it means that it is not pretending to be nice or kind. The hawk is honest about what it is — a killer.
This tells us a lot about the hawk’s behavior. It does not hide anything. It is brutal, honest, and straightforward. It says, “My manners are tearing off heads,” which shows that its natural behavior is violent and it is not ashamed of it.
The hawk is saying that it doesn’t use fake words or sweet talk like humans sometimes do. It doesn’t pretend to care — it just does what it wants: kill and rule. This makes the hawk sound both honest and dangerous.
Ted Hughes uses this idea to show how the hawk is a symbol of raw, natural power — power that is not polite, not fake, and not limited. This line tells us that the hawk’s violence is not hidden, and it believes there is no need to be clever about killing.
Also, this line shows a difference between nature and human society. In society, people often try to hide their bad actions. But the hawk is open and proud of its strength and killing nature.
So, the line “There is no sophistry in my body” means the hawk is completely honest about its deadly nature. It shows that the hawk is not evil in a tricky way, but in a natural and powerful way.
10. How does the hawk’s speech in the poem show its view on life and death? Explain with examples.
The hawk’s speech shows that it sees life and death as things it controls. It believes that it decides who should live or die. The hawk is very proud of its power to kill, and it feels no sadness or guilt about death.
The hawk says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” This means the hawk thinks it owns everything and can kill any creature whenever it wants. It also says, “The allotment of death.” This means the hawk decides who gets death, like a ruler handing out punishments.
Another line, “My manners are tearing off heads,” shows that the hawk’s way of life includes violence and killing. It is not gentle or peaceful. The hawk sees death as a natural part of its role, not something sad or serious.
Even in sleep, the hawk says it rehearses perfect kills, which means killing is always on its mind. Death is not a big deal to the hawk — it is just a part of life and power.
Ted Hughes shows that the hawk represents a creature (or person) who sees death as something they control. It does not think about others’ feelings or the pain caused. The hawk is a symbol of cold, proud power — one that doesn’t fear death, but uses it to stay in control.
So, the hawk’s speech shows that it sees life and death as tools it uses, and it believes it alone has the right to decide who lives and dies. This shows a dangerous kind of thinking — one that can be seen in both nature and human power.
11. What is the importance of the final lines of the poem: “Nothing has changed since I began. My eye has permitted no change. I am going to keep things like this”?
The final lines of the poem are very important because they show how the hawk wants everything to stay the same, under its control. The hawk says, “Nothing has changed since I began,” which means that it believes the world has been in the same condition from the moment it was born — with the hawk in power.
It also says, “My eye has permitted no change,” which shows how much power the hawk believes it has. It thinks that even change in the world cannot happen without its permission. This makes the hawk sound like a god or a dictator, someone who watches everything and keeps full control.
The last line, “I am going to keep things like this,” shows that the hawk is not ready to give up power. It wants the world to remain exactly how it is — with no progress, no freedom, and no change. This could mean the hawk is afraid of losing power, so it tries to freeze everything.
These lines are powerful because they summarize the hawk’s whole personality — proud, strict, and unwilling to change. It is not open to new ideas, not kind, and not flexible. The hawk sees change as a threat to its rule.
Ted Hughes uses these lines to show how absolute power can become dangerous when someone tries to control everything forever. It is a warning that rulers, like the hawk, who don’t allow change, can become cruel and selfish.
12. Compare the hawk’s stillness with its deadly nature. How does this contrast add to the poem’s meaning?
In the poem, the hawk is shown as still and quiet, sitting at the top of a tree with its eyes closed. But at the same time, it is also violent and deadly. This contrast — peaceful outside, deadly inside — makes the poem more powerful and deep.
In the first stanza, the hawk says, “I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed.” This creates an image of calmness and peace. But then it says that even in sleep, it is rehearsing perfect kills. So even when the hawk is doing nothing, it is still thinking about violence.
This shows that the hawk is always ready to attack, even when it looks peaceful. The contrast makes the hawk look even more dangerous — because it can hide its power in silence.
Ted Hughes uses this contrast to show that danger does not always make noise. Sometimes the most powerful and cruel rulers are the ones who sit quietly and watch everything, waiting for the right moment to strike. This is the real power — being silent but deadly.
The stillness also shows confidence. The hawk does not need to show off or fly around. It knows it is in control. Its silence is not weakness; it is calculated power.
So, this contrast between stillness and deadly nature adds to the meaning of the poem. It shows that real power is often hidden, not loud. The hawk represents this idea perfectly — calm outside, dangerous inside.
13. How does the hawk describe its ability to kill? What does this say about its nature?
The hawk talks about killing very confidently in the poem. It says killing is easy, perfect, and natural for it. For the hawk, killing is not something wrong or scary — it is simply a part of who it is.
In the poem, the hawk says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” This means it does not wait for permission. It kills when and where it wants. It also says that even in sleep, it practices perfect kills, which means killing is always on its mind.
Another powerful line is, “My manners are tearing off heads.” This shows that the hawk’s natural way of behaving is violent. It doesn’t say this in a sad or ashamed tone — it says it proudly. This tells us that the hawk is cold, proud, and not emotional about death.
The hawk believes it has the right to control life and death, and killing is one of its natural duties. It sees no problem in doing this. Ted Hughes uses this to show a character that is completely selfish, emotionless, and powerful.
This tells us that the hawk’s nature is not only deadly, but also dominating. It believes in survival of the fittest — and in this case, the hawk is the strongest and most perfect creature.
So, the way the hawk describes its ability to kill shows that it is brutal, confident, and without fear or guilt. It is a symbol of power that doesn’t need kindness — only control.
14. Explain how the poet creates a voice that sounds like the hawk is speaking. How does this make the poem powerful?
Ted Hughes writes the poem in the first person — using the word “I” — which makes it feel like the hawk is actually talking to the reader. This style helps create a strong, personal voice. The hawk speaks directly and confidently, as if giving a speech.
Lines like “I sit in the top of the wood” and “I kill where I please” are very bold and clear. The hawk does not question anything. It does not sound soft or polite. This voice makes the hawk sound sure of itself and very proud.
The poet does not add any other characters or animals. The whole poem is only about the hawk’s thoughts, so we get to understand how it thinks. This one-voice focus helps us see the hawk’s mindset of power and control very clearly.
Because the hawk is telling its own story, the poem feels more real and powerful. It feels like the hawk is a symbol of a dictator or ruler who believes the world belongs to them. The hawk’s voice is not emotional, but full of logic, pride, and authority.
The voice also has a calm but dangerous tone. Even when the hawk is talking about killing, it speaks in a calm and serious way. This makes the hawk seem even more dangerous — it doesn’t get angry, it just controls everything quietly.
So, the poet uses first-person voice, confident tone, and strong words to create a hawk that talks like a king or god. This voice makes the poem very powerful and unforgettable.
15. The hawk sees itself as perfect. How is this shown in the poem, and what message does it give?
The hawk thinks it is a perfect creature, made by nature to be the best. This idea is shown in many lines in the poem. For example, the hawk says, “It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather.” This means the hawk believes that all of nature worked hard just to create its perfect body.
The hawk is not humble at all. It says, “I hold Creation in my foot,” which shows that it feels more important than everything else. It does not think it is just another bird — it thinks it is the most powerful and important being in the world.
The hawk also says, “Nothing has changed since I began,” and, “My eye has permitted no change.” This means it believes its eyes are so powerful that even time has stopped under its watch.
Through these lines, the poet shows that the hawk sees itself as strong, wise, unchanging, and perfect. The hawk believes it has no weakness or faults.
This gives us a message about human ego and pride. Sometimes people — especially leaders or those in power — start to believe they are perfect. They forget that everyone has weaknesses and that nothing stays the same forever. The hawk represents this dangerous thinking.
Ted Hughes uses the hawk as a symbol of such people who believe they are above everyone else and even above nature. The poem warns us that such pride and belief in perfection can become cruel and harmful.
16. What kind of leadership does the hawk represent? Do you think it reflects human power too? Why or why not?
The hawk in the poem represents a kind of leadership that is absolute, strict, and controlling. It believes in total power and does not allow anyone to question it. The hawk says, “I kill where I please because it is all mine.” This shows that it believes everything belongs to it. It also says, “My eye has permitted no change,” which means it watches everything and does not allow change or freedom.
This type of leadership is very selfish and proud. The hawk sees itself as superior to all, and it feels no guilt when it hurts or kills others. It believes it is perfect and cannot make mistakes. This kind of ruler is often called a dictator.
Yes, the hawk’s thinking reflects human power, especially the kind shown by kings, tyrants, or political leaders who want to control everything. These leaders often do not listen to others. They don’t allow freedom, and they feel they are always right — just like the hawk.
Ted Hughes uses the hawk to show how dangerous it can be when someone has too much power and no one to stop them. The hawk is not just a bird — it is a symbol of unchecked human authority, where power is used not for helping others, but to dominate and control.
So, the hawk represents a cruel and proud leader, and yes, it does reflect human power when it becomes too proud and too selfish.
17. How does Ted Hughes make the hawk both a real bird and a symbol of something more?
Ted Hughes writes the poem in such a way that the hawk is both a real bird and also a symbol of power and control. This is called personification and symbolism in poetry.
On one hand, the hawk is shown as a real predator — a bird of prey that sits in high trees, has hooked beak and feet, sharp claws, and practices hunting even in sleep. All of this shows natural hawk behavior. These physical features help the reader imagine a real hawk in the wild.
But Hughes also gives the hawk human thoughts and speech. The hawk says, “I hold Creation in my foot,” and “I kill where I please.” These are not things a bird would say. They show the hawk as a symbol of a ruler, a dictator, or someone with too much pride.
So, the hawk is real in its actions, but it is also a symbol of human ego, leadership, and power. The hawk talks about control, about allowing no change, and about killing without reason. These are human traits, not bird instincts.
By using both real features and symbolic meaning, Hughes makes the hawk a powerful image. Readers can see the beauty and danger of nature, and also think about human pride and control. This makes the poem deep and meaningful.
So, the hawk is both real and more than real — it stands for a proud and powerful leader, showing how nature and human behavior are connected.
18. Describe how the structure of the poem (short stanzas, strong lines) adds to the feeling of control.
The poem Hawk Roosting is written in short, clear stanzas, and each line feels firm and confident. There are six stanzas with four lines each, and most sentences are simple and direct. This structure helps create a feeling of order, discipline, and control, just like the hawk itself.
Each stanza feels like a command or a royal statement. For example, the line “I kill where I please” is short but powerful. It feels like the hawk is making an announcement. The shortness of the line adds to its strength.
The structure also matches the hawk’s nature — calm but deadly. The hawk does not use flowery language or long sentences. It speaks like a leader, with control over every word. This shows how it controls not only the world but also its own thoughts and voice.
The stanzas are neatly arranged, with no chaos, which reflects the hawk’s belief that everything is under control. There is no emotion, no confusion, only confidence and authority.
The regular structure also shows how the hawk wants the world to stay the same — unchanged and in order. The hawk says, “Nothing has changed since I began,” and the structure of the poem supports this idea of perfection and stillness.
So, the short, strong stanzas add to the feeling that the hawk is firm, controlled, and confident, just like a ruler who is never afraid or unsure.
19. How does the poem show the idea of survival in the natural world? Give evidence.
The poem shows that survival in the natural world depends on power, control, and strength. The hawk survives not by being kind or sharing, but by being fierce, proud, and ready to kill.
The hawk says, “I kill where I please,” and talks about perfect kills even in its dreams. This shows that for the hawk, survival means being the strongest, and removing anything that gets in the way.
The hawk also says, “My manners are tearing off heads,” which means it does not follow polite rules — it follows nature’s rule: the strongest survives. In the wild, animals must kill to eat, and the hawk is a perfect example of that.
Ted Hughes uses the hawk to show that nature can be cruel but honest. The hawk is not fake. It is a predator, and it accepts its role. This shows how survival in the wild is simple but hard — you either rule or get ruled.
Even the hawk’s rest is not peace — it rests while thinking about killing, showing that survival is always in its mind.
The poem also tells us that the hawk believes its power is natural and perfect. It says nature made it strong, and now it uses that strength to survive.
So, the poem shows that in nature, survival is about power, killing, and control, and the hawk is a perfect example of this idea.
20. What emotions do you feel when reading this poem? How does the poet create these emotions?
When reading Hawk Roosting, a reader may feel a mix of emotions — fear, awe, respect, and even discomfort. The hawk’s voice is very proud, cold, and powerful, and that creates a feeling of tension and danger.
Some lines make the reader feel shocked, like “I kill where I please” and “My manners are tearing off heads.” These lines show the hawk’s violent nature, and it speaks about death so calmly that it feels scary. The reader feels that the hawk has no mercy.
At the same time, the hawk’s confidence and control might make some readers feel impressed or amazed. The hawk is so sure of itself, so strong in its thoughts, that it seems like a true ruler.
The poet creates these emotions by using strong and direct language. He avoids soft words or emotional lines. Everything the hawk says is powerful and sharp, like the hawk itself. The use of first-person voice also makes the emotions stronger — we hear the hawk speaking directly to us.
Also, there is no apology or guilt in the poem. This makes readers think about the difference between natural behavior and human morals. Some may feel uncomfortable because the hawk’s thinking is so cold and selfish.
So, the poem creates emotions by showing a creature that is completely honest, violent, and proud. The poet uses this voice to make us think deeply about power, nature, and our own world.
50 Two-Mark Questions Answers – Hawk Roosting
1. What is the hawk doing at the start of the poem?
Answer:
At the start of the poem, the hawk is sitting at the top of a tall tree in the forest with its eyes closed. This shows that the hawk is calm, still, and in control. Even while resting, it feels powerful. It is not sleeping like a weak creature — it is simply watching and thinking, possibly imagining its next move or kill. This beginning sets the tone for the poem, showing that the hawk is a ruler who does not need to be active to stay in charge.
2. What does the hawk mean by “No falsifying dream”?
Answer:
The phrase “No falsifying dream” means the hawk doesn’t dream of things that are not real. It doesn’t imagine things that it cannot do. Instead, even in sleep, it thinks about real and practical things like hunting and killing. This shows that the hawk is focused, realistic, and honest about its nature. It is not emotional or imaginative — it is direct and serious. The line tells us that the hawk lives in reality and has a clear understanding of its role in nature as a hunter and killer.
3. How is the hawk’s body described in the poem?
Answer:
The hawk’s body is described as powerful and perfectly made. It has a hooked head and hooked feet, which are sharp and strong for grabbing and killing prey. The poet says it took “the whole of Creation” to make the hawk’s foot and each feather, which shows how the hawk sees itself as nature’s finest work. Every part of the hawk’s body is made for control, hunting, and survival. The physical description highlights the hawk’s strength and deadly beauty, which support its proud and confident voice in the poem.
4. What is meant by “The convenience of the high trees”?
Answer:
This line shows that the hawk enjoys sitting high up in the trees because it gives it a clear view of everything. The high trees are convenient because they allow the hawk to rest and watch its surroundings like a king watching over his land. The line suggests that the hawk believes these trees exist just to serve it. It shows the hawk’s attitude of superiority and control over nature. It also represents the idea that powerful creatures always choose the highest place to rule from.
5. What role does the air play in the hawk’s life?
Answer:
The hawk says that “the air’s buoyancy” is an advantage to it. This means the air helps the hawk fly smoothly and stay in the sky easily. The hawk depends on the air to move through the sky without effort. It sees the air as a servant or tool that supports its hunting and ruling. This line again shows the hawk’s belief that nature — including the air — was made for its benefit. It adds to the image of the hawk being a master of its environment.
6. How does the sun help the hawk?
Answer:
The hawk says that the “sun’s ray” is of advantage to it. This means the sunlight gives it strength, warmth, and energy. The hawk uses the sun to see clearly from high above and to stay strong and active. Like the trees and air, the hawk believes the sun also exists to help it. This adds to the idea that the hawk thinks the whole world is made to serve and support it. The line strengthens the theme of control and natural power in the poem.
7. Why is the hawk proud of its feet?
Answer:
The hawk is proud of its feet because they are strong and deadly. Its feet help it grab onto rough tree bark and also kill its prey with great force. The hawk says that it took all of Creation to make its foot, which shows how important it thinks its body is. Its feet are a symbol of control and power. The hawk holds its prey and even the whole world in its feet, which makes them a key part of its identity as a ruler and killer.
8. What does “I hold Creation in my foot” mean?
Answer:
This line means that the hawk believes it controls everything in the world — all of Creation. By saying this, the hawk shows extreme pride and a feeling of total power. It believes that the natural world was made to serve it, and now it holds that world under its claws. This is a symbolic way of saying that the hawk feels like a god or king. It shows how the hawk sees itself as the center of everything, controlling life and death with its strength.
9. What is the hawk’s attitude toward killing?
Answer:
The hawk talks about killing with pride and confidence. It says, “I kill where I please,” which means it kills whenever and wherever it wants. The hawk feels no guilt or shame. For it, killing is natural, normal, and necessary. It believes that killing proves its power and control. The hawk does not think killing is wrong — it is just part of who it is. This shows that the hawk is a symbol of raw, natural power that is not influenced by emotions or morals.
10. Why does the hawk say “because it is all mine”?
Answer:
The hawk believes the whole world belongs to it. When it says, “because it is all mine,” it is showing that it feels like the owner of everything — the trees, air, sun, earth, and even life. This belief makes the hawk think it can do anything, including killing, without needing permission. The line shows extreme pride and control. The hawk is not humble — it thinks it has total power over nature. This makes the hawk sound more like a dictator than a normal bird.
11. What does the hawk mean by “rehearse perfect kills”?
Answer:
The phrase “rehearse perfect kills” means the hawk thinks about killing even in its sleep. “Rehearse” means to practice, so the hawk is always preparing for perfect hunting, even when resting. This shows how serious and focused the hawk is about killing. It doesn’t waste time on dreams — it stays sharp and ready. The line reflects the hawk’s instinctive nature, where violence and survival are always in its thoughts. It also shows how the hawk’s identity is completely built around power, attack, and control.
12. How does the hawk view the earth?
Answer:
The hawk says, “And the earth’s face upward for my inspection.” This means it thinks the earth is presented to it for examination or command. The hawk is looking down at the world from above and believes everything below is meant for it to rule or observe. This line shows the hawk’s sense of superiority and how it views nature as something that exists to serve its needs. The earth, in the hawk’s mind, is not independent — it is part of the hawk’s kingdom.
13. Why does the hawk believe nothing has changed since it began?
Answer:
The hawk says, “Nothing has changed since I began,” to show that it believes the world has remained the same under its watch. It sees itself as the center of nature, and as long as it is in control, nothing needs to change. The hawk thinks its power has kept everything in balance, and it has allowed no change to happen. This shows the hawk’s desire for control and order, and its belief that it decides how the world works, not time or nature.
14. What does the hawk mean by “My eye has permitted no change”?
Answer:
The hawk’s eye is sharp and always watching. When it says, “My eye has permitted no change,” it means that nothing can change unless it allows it. The hawk sees itself as the final authority, like a ruler who keeps everything the same by watching closely. This line shows the hawk’s belief in its complete control over nature and time. It also tells us that the hawk fears change because change might mean loss of power, so it keeps things exactly as they are.
15. Why does the hawk talk about “tearing off heads”?
Answer:
When the hawk says its manners are “tearing off heads,” it means violence is part of its nature. It doesn’t pretend to be polite or gentle. Instead, it proudly accepts that killing is what it does best. This line shows that the hawk is not ashamed of its cruelty. It’s honest about its role as a predator. Ted Hughes uses this image to show raw natural power and how the hawk, and perhaps leaders like it, use force without apology or hesitation to stay in control.
16. What does “The allotment of death” mean?
Answer:
“The allotment of death” means the hawk decides who should die. “Allotment” means to distribute or assign something, so this line shows the hawk sees itself as someone who gives out death, like a judge or ruler. It believes it has the right to control who lives and who dies. This reflects its confidence and sense of power. It also suggests that the hawk enjoys control over life, not just for survival, but to prove that it is the strongest and most important creature.
17. How does the hawk describe its flight?
Answer:
The hawk describes its flight as “direct,” meaning it flies in a straight and strong path. It doesn’t move in circles or wander. Its flying style shows confidence, control, and purpose. The hawk doesn’t waste energy — it knows where it wants to go and goes there with power. This “direct” flight also represents how the hawk lives and thinks: with no confusion, no doubt, and no fear. It symbolizes clear authority and focus, just like a ruler or dictator who doesn’t allow distractions.
18. What is the meaning of “Through the bones of the living”?
Answer:
This line means that the hawk flies through and over the bodies of living creatures, showing that it has no fear of others. It is a hunter, and life around it is something to fly through, control, or destroy. The line also suggests that the hawk does not care for other lives — it rules by force and is not afraid to kill. Ted Hughes uses this strong image to show how the hawk dominates the natural world, not with care, but with deadly power.
19. Why does the hawk say “No arguments assert my right”?
Answer:
The hawk says this to show that it doesn’t need anyone’s approval. It does not care for debates, rules, or discussions. Its strength is its proof, and it believes that power alone gives it the right to rule and kill. This line shows the hawk’s ruthless independence. It acts as it wants because it feels superior and perfect. There is no democracy or fairness in the hawk’s world — only control. The hawk is like a leader who ignores others and follows only their own will.
20. How does the poet show the hawk’s desire to keep power forever?
Answer:
At the end of the poem, the hawk says, “I am going to keep things like this.” This line shows that it wants the world to stay under its control forever. It does not want change, progress, or loss of power. The hawk is afraid of anything that could weaken its position. By watching everything and using its strength, the hawk plans to keep the same world — where it rules — always. This shows that the hawk is not just powerful, but also obsessed with staying in control.
21. How does the hawk’s tone sound in the poem?
Answer:
The hawk’s tone is proud, serious, and confident. It speaks like a king or ruler who knows its power and doesn’t feel the need to explain or apologize. The voice is calm but filled with authority and control. Even when talking about killing or tearing off heads, the hawk does not sound angry — it sounds like it is stating a fact. This strong, proud tone helps us see how the hawk thinks of itself — not just as a bird, but as a ruler over nature and life.
22. What is the hawk’s view of morality?
Answer:
The hawk has no sense of morality. It does not think about right or wrong. For the hawk, killing is normal, and control is more important than kindness. The line “I kill where I please” shows that the hawk does not follow any laws except its own. It believes that strength gives it the right to do anything. Ted Hughes uses the hawk to show a creature — or leader — who believes power is more important than values or feelings. The hawk is a symbol of amoral natural authority.
23. Why does the hawk not feel guilty for killing?
Answer:
The hawk does not feel guilty for killing because it believes that killing is part of its natural role. It doesn’t see it as a bad thing — just as a normal, perfect action. It even says it rehearses perfect kills in sleep, which means it takes pride in it. The hawk sees itself as above guilt or feelings. It is focused only on survival and control. In this way, Ted Hughes shows the cold side of power, where actions are not judged by right or wrong but by success.
24. What does the hawk symbolize in human terms?
Answer:
The hawk symbolizes a powerful and controlling ruler or dictator. It represents a person who believes they are perfect, above others, and should decide what happens in the world. The hawk’s behavior — taking what it wants, ruling without care, and stopping change — shows how some leaders behave when they have too much pride and no limits. Ted Hughes uses the hawk to explore how absolute power can lead to cruelty, arrogance, and a desire to stay in control forever, no matter the cost.
25. What poetic device is used in the line “My manners are tearing off heads”?
Answer:
This line uses personification and metaphor. The hawk is given human-like manners, but instead of polite behavior, its “manners” are violent actions — tearing off heads. This is a metaphor for its deadly way of life. The line also gives the hawk a human voice, which helps us see it as a symbol for powerful leaders. Ted Hughes uses this poetic device to make the hawk seem proud of its cruelty, and to show how natural power can become destructive when it is accepted as normal.
26. How is the hawk’s pride shown through its language?
Answer:
The hawk’s pride is shown through bold and confident language. It says things like “I kill where I please” and “I hold Creation in my foot.” These lines are strong, direct, and without doubt. The hawk never says “maybe” or “I think” — it speaks with full belief in its own importance. The use of the word “I” at the beginning of many lines also shows its self-centered thinking. Ted Hughes uses this language to help us feel the hawk’s arrogance and belief in its superiority.
27. How does the poet use nature to show the hawk’s character?
Answer:
The poet uses nature — trees, air, sun, and earth — to show how the hawk thinks everything exists only for it. For example, it says the sun’s rays and the air help it, and the earth faces upward for its inspection. The hawk uses nature as tools for hunting and ruling. This shows the hawk’s selfish and controlling personality. Ted Hughes uses these natural elements not as peaceful, beautiful things, but as parts of the hawk’s kingdom, where it feels like the master of everything.
28. What idea of perfection does the hawk have?
Answer:
The hawk believes it is completely perfect, made by nature in the best possible way. It says, “It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather.” This means it sees itself as the final result of natural design. It feels there are no mistakes in its body or its behavior. This belief in its own perfection shows that the hawk is not only proud but also blind to any weakness. Ted Hughes uses this to show how pride can become dangerous and unrealistic.
29. What does the hawk think of change?
Answer:
The hawk hates change. It says, “My eye has permitted no change,” and “I am going to keep things like this.” These lines show that it wants the world to stay exactly the same, with itself in control. The hawk believes that any change might mean loss of power, so it does not allow it. This shows that the hawk is not open-minded or flexible. Ted Hughes uses the hawk to show how powerful figures often resist change to keep their rule unchallenged and unchanged.
30. How does the hawk show its independence?
Answer:
The hawk shows its independence by saying it doesn’t need anyone’s approval or help. It says, “No arguments assert my right,” meaning that its power is enough. The hawk makes its own rules and decisions. It does not follow others or ask permission. This shows that the hawk feels free, powerful, and alone in control. Ted Hughes uses this to show a character that is fully self-reliant — someone who doesn’t trust or need anyone else. This independence is part of the hawk’s pride and strength.
31. What is the poem’s central theme?
Answer:
The central theme of the poem is power and control. The hawk represents someone who believes they are in charge of everything — nature, life, and death. It does not care about right or wrong. Instead, it only focuses on staying on top. The poem also explores pride, ego, and dominance. Ted Hughes uses the hawk’s voice to show how someone with too much power can become blind to others. The poem is a warning about abusing authority, and how natural strength, if unchecked, can become dangerous.
32. How is the poem different from typical nature poems?
Answer:
Most nature poems talk about beauty, peace, or harmony. But Hawk Roosting is different. It shows nature as powerful, violent, and selfish. The hawk does not admire flowers or trees — it only sees what is useful for it to kill and rule. Ted Hughes presents a darker, realistic side of nature, where survival is more important than beauty. This makes the poem stand out because it shows that nature is not always soft or kind. Sometimes, nature is about strength, control, and survival.
33. What effect does first-person narration have in the poem?
Answer:
Using first-person narration (“I”) makes the hawk’s voice sound personal, strong, and direct. It feels like the hawk is speaking to us, sharing its thoughts and beliefs. This helps the reader connect deeply with the hawk’s personality — full of pride and control. It also makes the hawk feel like a real character, not just a bird. Ted Hughes uses this style to turn the hawk into a symbol of leadership, power, and danger. The first-person voice adds strength and clarity to every line.
34. What does the poem say about survival in nature?
Answer:
The poem shows that survival in nature depends on strength, focus, and control. The hawk does not survive by being kind — it survives by being the strongest and smartest predator. It says it kills where it pleases and never lets anything change. This shows that nature is often harsh and unforgiving. Ted Hughes wants us to see the true face of survival, where the powerful live, and the weak fall. The hawk is a symbol of how natural survival is based on power, not fairness.
35. How does Hughes explore the danger of absolute power?
Answer:
Hughes shows the danger of absolute power through the hawk’s proud and selfish voice. The hawk believes it owns everything — the sky, the earth, and life itself. It allows no change, no challenge, and kills without guilt. This shows how too much power can lead to pride, cruelty, and blindness. When someone controls everything, they can become a tyrant, just like the hawk. The poem warns that absolute power, even in nature, can be destructive and isolating, and this applies to human leaders too.
36. What does “Creation” mean in the line “I hold Creation in my foot”?
Answer:
In this line, “Creation” means the entire natural world, including all life and existence. The hawk is saying it holds everything in the world under its control — in its foot. This shows extreme pride and power. The hawk believes that everything made by nature is now under its command. Ted Hughes uses this line to show how the hawk sees itself as a god-like figure, not just a bird. It believes its power is greater than the world that created it.
37. What does the hawk think of dreams and imagination?
Answer:
The hawk says it has “no falsifying dream”, which means it does not believe in fake dreams or imagination. It only thinks about real things, like killing and ruling. The hawk is very practical and focused. It does not waste time dreaming of what cannot be done. For the hawk, dreams are useless unless they lead to real power and action. This shows that the hawk is not emotional or creative — it is cold, sharp, and realistic. Ted Hughes uses this to highlight its ruthless personality.
38. What does the hawk say about its sleep?
Answer:
The hawk says that even in sleep, it “rehearses perfect kills and eat.” This means that even while resting, its mind is focused on hunting and killing. Sleep is not peaceful for the hawk — it is a time to practice. This shows how fully committed the hawk is to its power and role. It doesn’t relax or forget its job. The hawk is always thinking about survival and control. Ted Hughes uses this to show how true power never rests — it is always planning.
39. Why is the hawk described as unchanging?
Answer:
The hawk says, “Nothing has changed since I began.” This means it believes it has kept the world the same. The hawk doesn’t want change, because change could mean losing control or power. It believes that its rule is perfect and eternal, so nothing should be different. This shows how the hawk is not open to growth, learning, or freedom. It wants everything to stay frozen under its command. Ted Hughes uses this image to show how leaders who fear change can become stuck and cruel.
40. What does the poem teach us about leadership?
Answer:
The poem teaches that leadership, when mixed with pride and no limits, can become dangerous. The hawk sees itself as a leader — strong, confident, and fearless. But it also shows signs of selfishness, cruelty, and lack of mercy. The hawk does not listen, does not change, and does not care about others. This is a warning that leaders must balance power with wisdom and compassion. Ted Hughes uses the hawk to show that blind, proud leadership may bring control, but also brings fear, isolation, and destruction.
41. Why does the hawk not accept any rules?
Answer:
The hawk believes that rules do not apply to it. It says, “No arguments assert my right,” meaning it does not need permission or approval to act. It feels that its strength is proof of its right to rule. The hawk follows only its own instinct, and it sees itself as above laws, nature, or other creatures. Ted Hughes uses this to show how power, when unchecked, becomes self-serving and dangerous. The hawk doesn’t follow justice or fairness — it does what it pleases, based only on its own will.
42. How is the hawk’s vision symbolic?
Answer:
The hawk’s vision — especially the line “My eye has permitted no change” — is symbolic of control and surveillance. The hawk’s eye watches everything, and nothing changes unless it allows it. This represents a powerful ruler who constantly monitors others and controls their freedom. It also symbolizes lack of trust, where the hawk needs to keep everything under its watch to maintain power. Ted Hughes uses the hawk’s vision to represent how powerful figures use control to stop progress, keeping everything the same to protect their position.
43. How does the poem show dominance over nature?
Answer:
The poem shows the hawk as having complete dominance over nature. It says that trees, air, sun, and even the earth work for its benefit. It sits on high trees, flies easily through the air, and sees the earth looking up at it. The hawk thinks nature was made for it, not the other way around. This is an example of extreme pride and shows how a creature or person can feel like a master of everything. Ted Hughes uses this to show how power can make someone forget their place in the world.
44. What does the hawk think of weakness?
Answer:
The hawk shows no respect or care for weakness. It believes in strength, control, and killing. Any creature that is weak becomes its prey. The hawk says it kills where it pleases, which means it doesn’t feel mercy or pity. In the hawk’s world, only the strong survive. Weakness is not a quality it understands or values. Ted Hughes uses this idea to show how those in power often ignore the needs of the weak, and how lack of empathy can make leadership harsh and cruel.
45. Why is there no softness in the hawk’s words?
Answer:
The hawk’s words are sharp, bold, and direct because it sees the world in terms of power and control. It doesn’t use soft or emotional language because it is not concerned with love, beauty, or kindness. The hawk says, “My manners are tearing off heads,” which shows that violence is normal to it. There’s no room for gentleness. Ted Hughes uses this language to reflect the hawk’s brutal nature, and to warn how power, when focused only on dominance, can become cold and heartless.
46. What poetic form is used in Hawk Roosting?
Answer:
The poem Hawk Roosting is written in free verse, which means it doesn’t follow a regular rhyme scheme. It has six stanzas with four lines each (quatrains). The lines are short, direct, and powerful, reflecting the hawk’s personality and authority. The free verse form helps the poet give the hawk a natural, speaking voice — like a speech or a monologue. This structure supports the hawk’s calm and confident tone, and gives it space to express its control, pride, and dominance without being limited by rhyme or rhythm.
47. How does the hawk see its place in the world?
Answer:
The hawk sees itself at the top of the world — both physically and in power. It sits on the highest tree, flies above everything, and says the earth looks up to it. The hawk feels it is the center of nature, and everything exists below or around it. Ted Hughes uses this image to show how pride can make someone believe they are more important than everything else. The hawk’s place in the world, in its own mind, is not just high — it is the highest.
48. How does Hughes make the hawk seem realistic and symbolic?
Answer:
Hughes uses real features — like the hawk’s sharp claws, hooked beak, and hunting habits — to make the hawk feel like a real bird. But he also gives it human thoughts, pride, and speech, turning it into a symbol of leadership and power. This mix of realistic detail and symbolic meaning makes the poem both natural and political. The hawk becomes a creature and a metaphor at the same time. It stands for any ruler or system that believes in strength over compassion and order over freedom.
49. How does the poem reflect Ted Hughes’ view of nature?
Answer:
Ted Hughes often showed nature as powerful and honest, not soft or peaceful. In Hawk Roosting, he shows a hawk that is proud, deadly, and in control. This reflects his belief that nature includes violence and survival, not just beauty. The hawk doesn’t pretend to be nice — it shows the truth of life in the wild. Hughes wanted people to understand that nature has a dark side, and that animals, like the hawk, are simply doing what they must to live and rule.
50. What feeling does the poem leave with the reader?
Answer:
The poem often leaves readers feeling a mix of awe and fear. The hawk’s voice is powerful, proud, and cold. It does not care about others, and it speaks as if it rules the entire world. This creates a feeling of tension, especially when we realize the hawk could also represent a human dictator or system of power. Some readers might admire the hawk’s strength, while others may feel uneasy about its lack of mercy. The poem makes us think about the dark side of control and authority.
Quiz - Hawk Roosting by Ted Hughes
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